Allentown Materials Corporation

The investigation of the Allentown Materials Corporation contextual analysis uncovers various issues generally identified with the troublesome passing of a regarded pioneer, the ensuing change in administration, and furthermore the administration style of the recently named upper-level directors. This change in perspective in operational administration system is one of the underlying drivers of the contention between divisions, nonattendance of cooperation, and low assurance. Moreover, radical changes are required to bring Allentown Materials Corporation into another period of assembling and guarantee their proceeded with achievement in the marketplace.The ability to change is basic in an assembling association where the methods for keeping up an upper hand change much of the time. (ReVelle) The previous General Manager of the Allentown Materials Corporation Joe Bennett was tyrant in nature, liking to settle on all about exceedingly significant choices without anyone else, and no cho ices at all were made without Mr. Bennett’s endorsement. A significant number of the chiefs answering to Bennett were viewed as political and manipulative by their workers, and therefore few were eager to challenge his operational administration style.When Don Rogers took over Joe Bennett’s position as senior supervisor the irritating components of a significant down turn in business were at that point present, yet the impacts were not really being felt all through the association. A progressive change ought to have been executed under Bennett when the business moved from principally military applications to private division utilizes, anyway manager’s point of view may make them neglect significant hierarchical changes or react to these progressions improperly. Both senior supervisors are to blame for the current circumstance at Allentown; Mr.Bennett for ignoring when change was required and Mr. Rogers for reacting to the requirement for change improperly. The m ilitary market rotated around profoundly solid and predictable segments for essential military gear; and the military was happy to pay a premium to obtain such parts. Interestingly the purchaser and private part advertise likewise requests top notch items, however at the least cost conceivable. (ReVelle) The optional result of this move from military to customer markets is an expanded nearness in the incredibly serious Japanese market.Japanese fabricating firms had since a long time ago created and actualized their own assembling systems, for example, Just-in-Time (JIT) assembling and Total Quality Management. Allentown Materials Corporation is basically endeavoring to contend in a market that has just observed progressive change because of new procedures and methods. Changes do should be made to guarantee an assembling association has the upper hand, and choosing the suitable change procedure is similarly crucial.The Six Sigma quality administration program was initially evolved by Motorola in 1986 and as a business methodology centers around improving the nature of yields by evacuating the reasons for abandons, unsatisfactory changeability in the assembling procedure, and ending rehearses that don't increase the value of the last yield. (CIT) One technique in which Six Sigma achieves this is however improving procedures as of now set up or making new procedures when the current ones neglect to meet business destinations. CIT) Motorola announced more than 17 billion in reserve funds in 2006 since the beginning of their Six Sigma activity, and numerous other assembling organizations have likewise made progress with their own usage of Six Sigma. (CIT) These unmistakable impacts are the aftereffects of preparing in quality improvement strategies, revision of business procedures to make them increasingly proficient, inception of tasks that improve creation or set aside cash, and improved correspondence among the board and employees.For an organization to accompli sh Six Sigma any single procedure must not deliver more than 3. 4 imperfections for every million chances. (CIT) This thus implies expanded benefit for the organization and potential rewards or motivators for representatives. We can likewise make correlations between Six Sigma and the diverse Japanese procedures and draw various conclusions†¦ Six Sigma tends to half of the progressive change required for Allentown Materials Corporation to stay serious in the ever-changing assembling marketplace.The second part of the change required includes giving the whole association a mutual vision for the future which plays emphatically on the center abilities of the Allentown Materials Corporation. The quality of Allentown Materials Corporation lies with its innovative work, and assembling divisions. Some portion of this change will happen as Six Sigma is adjusted and executed at the Allentown Materials Corporation.Employees at all degrees of the association will perceive the possible adv antages and rewards including expanded employer stability, new open doors with the organization, and better execution assessments and boosts in salary. Also, representatives will know that if the organization is getting profits by Six Sigma these advantages will in the end stream down to them. (CIT) All of the new rewards and motivations will loan themselves to a common vision inside the organization. One part of specific significance of the Six Sigma system will be the impact of preparing and cooperation on the different divisions.When a feeling of collaboration is deficient with regards to the workers tend to concentrate on the profitability of their specific office or division and neglect to understand the effect of their activities on the whole activity. (CIT) For these progressions to grab hold at Allentown Materials Corporation an essential individual from upper administration must accept the job as the change champion. Wear Roger’s appears the reasonable decision to ta ke on this situation because of his situation with the organization and the way that he has a set up history of including individuals in issues with the organization and counseling them on decisions.The change champion at Allentown will have various new obligations identified with guaranteeing the achievement of Six Sigma and all the while being the main impetus behind the whole business insurgency. So as to demonstrate verifiable duty to the program and the new common vision the victor should be vigorously associated with the change procedure, guaranteeing that it moves quickly and that the change is genuine and positive. Consolation, inspiration, inclusion with ventures, expelling the hindrances to extend achievement, commending triumphs when they happen, and perceiving accomplishments are altogether ways the boss can exhibit commitment.In the course of executing change the change champion ought to consider naming a directing panel comprising of oneself, key supervisors from all t he useful zones including the recently isolated deals and advertising capacities, and another position; preparing director. The controlling advisory group would serve to establish the changes, yet would likewise give vital criticism from lower directors and representatives about the useful ramifications of their changes.Among the obligations of the guiding board of trustees would be building up another group handbook that obviously expresses the arrangements and objectives of the organization and a preparation program stressing cooperation, group collaboration aptitudes, and The issues affecting Allentown Materials Corporation might just prompt its definitive death. It is in this way fundamental for Allentown Materials Corporation to establish a quick and positive change to guarantee its drawn out feasibility and hold its upper hands in the commercial center. Six Sigma when actualized appropriately by a submitted change champion can introduce another period for Allentown Materials C orporation.

Tender Evaluation Fairness Tramline Project in Adelaide

Question: Talk about the Tender Evaluation Fairness Tramline Project in Adelaide. Answer: The assessment of the tenders is one of the key procedure which is engaged with the acquisition procedure. The welcomed temporary workers in the offering procedure can cite various totals as indicated by their investigation. The customer can offer the greeting for the tenders, which the contractual workers can convey. Every temporary worker for a particular development works is relied upon to communicate their enthusiasm through the tenders. The delicate record is created and ready to cite every one of the various segments of the works (Fleming, 2003). The delicate assessment process can consider various characteristics to guarantee that the picked contractual worker will have the option to attempt the structured task. In every thought, the delicate assessment must ensure that the various parts of the ventures are met. The contractual worker who is picked through this procedure must meet the cost perspectives, the course of events of execution and the nature of works. What's more, this procedure guarantees that the contractual workers can meet the predetermined gauged models and prerequisites which are specified. The assessment of tenders guarantees that the opposition between the contractual workers is accomplished and the best is chosen to bed granted the delicate to complete the development works (Fleming, 2003). The decency of the delicate assessment would have the option to rule the procedure. This will ready to ensure that the contractual worker who is picked will have the option to do the attempts to the finish without disparities. The picked parties can experience the accessible offers which are submitted to guarantee that they meet the predefined capabilities. There is a key procedure and elements which these gatherings need to consider on each offer to guarantee that the procedure is reas onable and ready to convey the order of the delicate assessment process. Also, the procedure includes the examination of the contractual workers who will have the option to perform better in the execution of the predefined works. The quantity of the chose contractual workers will have the option to rely upon the idea of the venture and the quantity of temporary workers required. As indicated by Derek and Steve, (2008), the delicate assessment process is the key determinant of the accomplishment of the tasks. This is on the grounds that the choice of the temporary worker from this procedure guarantees the degree of fitness and experience which the contractual worker has on a similar execution. Trading off the decency of this procedure will much of the time lead to the disappointment of the ventures since it prompts the inadequate temporary worker being chosen to execute the works. The tramline venture in Adelaide is an optimizing venture implying that it must be executed by a certified temporary worker who is acquainted with the development works. This will guarantee that the undertaking will be conveyed by the necessary cutoff time. This is multi-billion venture considering the set spending plan of $50 million for the one kilometer augmentation. The reasonableness in the determination of the contractual worker is in this way a key procedures which is have to guarantee that the conveyance of the task is accomplished (Guth, 2009). This undertaking resembles update where migration and elective courses must be given to guarantee that the administrations and activities of the occupants are not influenced. This is one of the key component, which must be considered in the determination of the temporary workers. In the delicate assessment, the temporary worker must guarantee they give the exit plan to take care of the issue and guaranteeing that the procedure on this area are not modified. The gatherings assessing must guarantee that the determination of the contractual worker needs to give the best system to help the activity of the inhabitants won't be influenced (Guth, 2009). The expense of the elective methods for guaranteeing the tasks are not adjusted must be savvy. In this view, the elective expense ought not have the option to take a great part of the expense from the financial plan of the undertaking. The contractual worker must have the option to cite the expense of giving the elective courses and even movement of certain properties. This expense in a decency way should not have the option to take a significant part of the financial plan in any case won't be powerful. This is one of the key component which the delicate evaluators had the option to consider in the delicate assessmen t of the tramline venture in Adelaide. The agreement for this works includes the structure, development and charging of the light rail foundation without influencing the inhabitants tasks inside this territory of South Australia (Graw, 2015). The reasonable honor of this agreement includes the investigation of the procedures which the temporary workers had the option to give so as to upgrade the activities of the inhabitants while the works was in progress. This includes the plan and proposition of an appropriate key way which the inhabitants will have the option to utilize while the development is in progress. What's more, these methodologies must be savvy. The elective path must have the option to meet the particular conditions as far as the budgetary expense so it doesn't over weight the first task. The assessment of the tenders was likewise founded on the measure of the cited total. The reasonable route for this is to choose the temporary worker who is sensible as far as the expense to do the entire task (Bailey et al., 2015). With the set spending plan, the contractual workers had the option to give their agreement total which didn't need to surpass the referenced aggregate which is accessible for financing. The set spending plan for the undertaking of about $55 million is as far as possible, which the temporary workers needed to cite. What's more, the obtainment laws expresses that any contractual worker can cite any sum which is 5 percent above or underneath the gave sum (Graw, 2015). The determination for the reasonableness was upgraded I the EastLINK expansion whereby York Civil was the victor of the contractual worker with a measure of $35 million for the one kilometer augmentation. Plainly the decency for the thought of the quote was utilized for this undertaking. This w as intended to guarantee that the open assets is shielded from theft by the various gatherings. Likewise, there were various contractual workers who were chosen for the various pieces of the task so as to guarantee decency of the development and the delicate assessment. Considering the task was an optimizing venture (Morris Pinto, 2007). The need to have the various temporary workers was chosen. For example, McConnell Dowell was chosen for the Glenelg Tram Overpass while York City was chosen for the EastLINK development. Unmistakably the procedure was reasonable for the various temporary workers in the upgrading of the development of the various parts. From this investigation, It is certain that the requirements of the undertaking were the main thrust on choosing the contractual workers through the delicate assessment. In addition, it is clear to guarantee that the venture need to have it conveyed was considered in the determination of the various temporary workers for the undertaking. What's more, the D C contract was chosen for this task. This included distinctive association in guaranteeing that the decency was accomplished in the execution of the undertaking. For example, WT organization had the option to make the cost arranging administrations to the KBR particularly during the pre-development period of the undertaking. This had the option to guarantee that the undertaking conveyance was immaculate with the thought of the requirements of the task from the cost point of view and the course of events cutoff time for the finishing (Ward, 2008). The choice of the temporary workers to team up during the pre-development and the development stages had the option to meet the various particulars which were critical to guarantee that they will finish the work inside the specified cutoff time. Taking everything into account, these parts of the requirements of the key parts of the contractual worker had the option to meet the money related determinations and moral behavio rs to guarantee that they can take in the premium the necessities of people in general to have an appropriate elective methods in the development of this venture. Likewise, the past development experience was a key component on the determination of the contractual workers in this undertaking. The contractual worker in their tenders needed to indicate the various ventures which they have had the option to convey on the tramline development. This was to guarantee that the contractual workers will have the option to convey on the task thinking about that the optimizing component of the venture. This is a key component which was intended to guarantee that the development will be simple for the contractual workers to do the works. The utilization of serious choice of the temporary worker through the investigation of the tenders was an unmistakable method to guaranteeing decency in the venture. The temporary workers had conveyed their solicitation for the offers where they had joined they various capabilities to be granted the tenders and agreements to do the development of these works (Ward, 2008). The investigation of the temporary workers report with the capability at each stage is an away from of guaranteeing that the right contractual worker is chosen for the development of this venture. This guarantees the temporary workers are able to convey the venture inside the specified course of events and inside the specified expense. References BAILEY et al (2015) Procurement Principles and Management, Eleventh Ed, Pearson DEREK H.T. W. STEVE ROWLINSON (2008) Procurement Systems A cross-industrymanagement point of view, Taylor Francis FLEMING, Q. (2003). Undertaking ProcurementManagement Contracting, Subcontracting, Teaming, first edn. FMC Press, California. ISBN 0-9743912-0-4 GRAW, S. (2015). A prologue to the Law of Contract, eighth Edition, Thomson Reuters, Australia (most recent version for Law parts) GUTH, S. (2009). Undertaking Procurement Management: A Guide to Structured Procurements, Guth Ventures LLC Eglin I, 2013, Procurement Management, first Ed, Egism Ltd MORRIS, P. PINTO J. K. (2007). The wiley Guide to Project Technology, Supply Chain, and Procur

Blog Archive Mission Admission Prepare Your Resume Now

Blog Archive Mission Admission Prepare Your Resume Now Mission Admission is a series of MBA admission tips; a new one is posted each Tuesday. We at mbaMission try to encourage candidates to get as much “noise” out of the way as possible before schools release their essay questions. We want our candidates to have the freedom to reflect on their experiences, formally and thoroughly brainstorm, choose ideas, prepare outlines and then truly focus on crafting powerful essays. Essentially, we want our candidates to be unfettered as they engage in what is, for many, one of the most significant creative challenges they will ever face. So, a simple step such as preparing your resume now will help you remain focused in the future. By working on your resume  now, a process that can require several rounds of revisions, you can dedicate the required time to do so at a more leisurely pace, before “crunch time” hits. Further, you will lay the foundation for your later brainstorming for your essays, by reminding yourself of your most significant accomplishments. If you prepare your resume now, you won’t even feel the effects later (except in a good way), and you will definitely thank yourself for having gotten this task out of the way early on. Note: We recognize that you may achieve additional accomplishments in the next few months. We suggest that you still update your resume now, however, and then revisit and amend your most recent entry one to two weeks before your application deadlines. Share ThisTweet Mission Admission

Lenin s Death Of Tsar Of Russia - 1655 Words

Born in 1870, Vladimir Illych Ulyanov, better known as Lenin was born to a well off middle class family. Lenin was said to be a very gifted student but extremely bossy. In 1887, Lenin’s elder brother Alexander was arrested for plotting to kill the tsar of Russia which lead to his hanging. The rest of the society refused to have anything to do with Lenin’s family as Alexander had brought great shame on the town. This was during the peak of Russia’s Imperial period, so citizens treated the tsar as if he were a God. It is claimed that when Lenin heard about the execution, he said I’ll make them pay for this. I swear I will. Many years later, Lenin’s wife said that it was this event that turned Lenin into a revolutionary with a desire to rid†¦show more content†¦He believed that the rich should be helping the poor. This was the root of his belief that any one man making a profit was bad for society; to him production was meant for survival. Len in says everybody in society is equal and should have equal rights. So he believed that there must be a strong central government which truly represents its people. How would Lenin bring about such a change? He followed Marx’s teachings. In the second chapter of the communist manifesto headed â€Å"Proletarians and Communists†, Marx and Engels mention the idea of a political vanguard party that must be formed with the task of leading the proletariat in revolution. This was exactly what Vladimir Lenin did; he started a party, the Bolsheviks, which played the role of the socialist vanguard. The Bolsheviks would eventually overthrow the Tsar and promote the working class. The change in power from the bourgeoisie to the proletariat allows the full development of socialism. Lenin and Marx had the same take on the definition of socialism. They both believed that socialism is the step between capitalism and communism. Yet they had differing approaches towards this. Marx believed that there would be a capitalistic state in place before revolution forces it into socialism. This is preceded by a quick and easy jump into the true communism. In Lenin’s Russia they had just broken out of feudalism and the economy was in unrest. So Lenin thought in Russia he could

Ethical Analysis of A Beautiful Mind Essay - 1595 Words

Ethical Analysis of â€Å"A Beautiful Mind† â€Å"A Beautiful mind† is a story based on the life of John Forbes Nash, who is a famous mathematician. Unfortunately, he is suffering from paranoid schizophrenia that majorly affects his personal and social life. Schizophrenia is a psychological disorder in which the patient’s ability to function is impaired by severely distorted beliefs, perceptions, and thought processes (Hockenbury, 2010). John Nash, the main character, faces many challenges in his professional life as well as in his personal life. His friends who later become his colleagues think that he is just plain crazy. They also find him entertaining. However, they cannot resist looking down on him for his strange behavior, difficulties†¦show more content†¦Schizophrenics are often dehumanized, avoided, and feared. So what is the difference between normal and abnormal? In the movie â€Å"A Beautiful Mind,† normal means to be able to live a normal life, care for one-self, properly communicate with others, have real friends, complete work and assignments on time, and–‒most importantly–‒be able to tell the difference between reality and fantasies. John Nash’s friends, his wife, his psychologist, his professors, and students are all considered normal in the movie. On the other hand, John is the one who is abnormal because of his mental illness. John Nash is not able to properly care for himself and often forgets to eat. He is extremely obsessed with his work and his mission to serve his country, and this obsession results in his frequently missing classes, being late for dinner, and being forgetful. He has inappropriate behavior and strong negative emotions, such as anger and fear. He experiences distorted thoughts, hallucinations, and hardship with relationships. The purpose of the movie â€Å"A Beautiful Mind† is to raise awareness among the general population to ease misconcept ions about schizophrenia and to show examples for better understanding of this mental illness. By emphasizing several virtues that the main character, his wife, and his friends present throughout the movie, viewers can learn to be more respectful of those who suffer from schizophrenia andShow MoreRelatedThe Ethical Analysis Assignment Is Still Alice By Lisa Genova1618 Words   |  7 PagesSummary The book that I chose for the Ethical Analysis assignment is Still Alice by Lisa Genova. The book revolves around, Alice Howland, a 50 year-old linguistics professor at Harvard University. In the beginning of the book, Alice seems to be in perfect health. She runs frequently and seems to be in great physical shape, but she soon realizes that something isn’t quite right. 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Tesco - Customer Service Essay - 1619 Words

Tesco Ââ€" Customer service Customer service is the most important aspect of any business. Without an adequate relationship with its consumer base, a company is at an enormous disadvantage. Todays world competition is very strong in every kind of businesses. Every organisations must provide high quality products or services in order to survive, however their competitors also providing the same or comparable products or services. An important way to an organisation to get an edge over its competitors is to provide extra service to satisfy and delight their customers, which can retain them and also gain new customers. Therefore the achievement of customer satisfaction must be a major objective in all organisations. To achieve†¦show more content†¦Payment facilities: Customers want the company to provide a variety of payment facilities. (E.g. credit card, cash) so they can pay for the goods easier. Facilities: Customer may need a rest place and toilet when they shop in Tesco. Disable will need a lift and disable toilet. Customer with kids or baby will need some facilities for them. The needs and expectations of internal customers: Information and Assistance: Internal customers need to get the new information about the company and get assistance on employment law in relation to personnel problems. Communication: Employees of Marks Spencer are kept well informed of the performance and objectives of the group through personal briefings, regular meetings and e-mail. Regular stock: They need regular stocks of advertisements, printed forms and to buy stationary and repair. Inter-shop computer: Internal customers want rapid processing of transactions through the inter-shop computer system. Complaints: If they are dissatisfied with the services of head office or regional shops, they need to be able to make a complaint. Services: Internal customers need politely given services. 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Book analysis, uncle toms cabi Essay Example For Students

Book analysis, uncle toms cabi Essay Book Analysis: Uncle Tom’s CabinA.Harriet Beecher Stowe was born in 1811 in Litchfield, Connecticut, which surprises many of her readers. Stowe writes so passionately about slavery that it seems that she must have been raised in the South. Stowe was born into a strong Christian family, which explains why her novels have a strong Christian basis. Stowe first learned of the horrors of slavery when she moved to Cincinnati, Ohio. Kentucky, a slave state, was right next to Cincinnati. She married and lived there for 18 years. All the while, she stored images and thoughts in her mind about slavery. Many times, she would talk to slaves and retain their memories and thoughts. After her husband accepted a job in Maine, Stowe began writing a novel using the information and visions she had brought with her from Ohio. After some time, she submitted it to the National Era, which published the novel as a serial. When it was published, Uncle Tom’s Cabin reached immediate success. Many publishing companies from around the world published her novel in 20 different languages. Stowe found herself speaking around the world, especially in England. A play blossomed from the novel, which also was successful. Stowe did not stop writing after Uncle Tom’s Cabin, but her other novels never had quite the impact of Uncle Tom’s Cabin . The novel Lady Byron Vindicated almost buried Stowe because many critics believed that Stowe’s purpose of this novel was to trash a good name. Poganuc People, a story about a Yankee Town, is another Stowe novel that still carries merit today. B.Uncle Tom’s Cabin reveals the life and horrors of slaves in the 19th century. It opens with a scene where a â€Å"kind† slave owner and a slave trader are dealing. Shelby, the kind slave owner, has fallen into debt, and must sell his favorite slaves. Eliza, overhearing the conversation, run away with her child seeking shelter in Canada. Eliza, after almost dying while crossing a frozen river, is taken in by a Senators family. She is then transported to a Quaker community, where she is reunited with her husband. Tom’s fate is quite different. While on a ship, he befriends a girl nam e Eva St. Clare. Her father buys him after saving Eva’s life, and it seems as though Tom has it made. Eva, a friend to all the slaves, eventually dies. Her father, who intends to free Tom, also dies before he can free Tom. Eva’s crazy mother takes over the plantation, and sells Tom. Tom ends up in the hands of the villainous Simon Legree. He treats his slaves like maggots below the dirt. Tom, with his standing Christian morals, does nothing to retaliate. Legree is Tom’s final master because Legree will end Tom’s life. Tom dies a poignant death with his old master’s son, George Shelby, at his side. D.One of the most important elements that Stowe used to get her point across was Characterization. The message of slavery could not have been accurately portrayed if there was not proper character development. To fully understand what slaves went through, one has to fully understand the mind and heart of a slave. Stowe executes this beautifully with Eliza and Tom. She gives two different detailed and strong viewpoints, which helps the reader understand even more. Stowe includes many stereotypes in her characters. Mr. Haley is the stereotypical slave trader. He is evil, sly, and only cares about making money. This is a character that the reader is supposed to dislike and usually does. Mr. Shelby is supposed to be the â€Å"kinder† slave owner, but Stowe makes it clear that all slavery is evil. The purpose of this character is to show that most men are basically good, but they have been brainwashed to believe that blacks are inferior and whites cannot perceive this any different ly. Uncle Tom, the protagonist, is supposed to draw poignant emotions from the reader with his Christ-like attitude. His character is richly developed throughout the novel, and the reader becomes fully aware of his love for all people, good or bad. Eva St. Clare, Tom’s best friend, represents the angel that watches over the slaves. Eva continually pours out her love to her father’s slaves, and her early death deeply draws out the readers emotion. Simon Legree, an antagonist, today is a synonym for villain. Stowe uses this character to fire up the readers hatred for slave-owners and the entire idea of slavery. All of Stowe’s characters play an important role in getting the message of the evils of slavery across to the reader. .u6f344d23d8b1348ae5439e50c949a65a , .u6f344d23d8b1348ae5439e50c949a65a .postImageUrl , .u6f344d23d8b1348ae5439e50c949a65a .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u6f344d23d8b1348ae5439e50c949a65a , .u6f344d23d8b1348ae5439e50c949a65a:hover , .u6f344d23d8b1348ae5439e50c949a65a:visited , .u6f344d23d8b1348ae5439e50c949a65a:active { border:0!important; } .u6f344d23d8b1348ae5439e50c949a65a .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u6f344d23d8b1348ae5439e50c949a65a { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u6f344d23d8b1348ae5439e50c949a65a:active , .u6f344d23d8b1348ae5439e50c949a65a:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u6f344d23d8b1348ae5439e50c949a65a .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u6f344d23d8b1348ae5439e50c949a65a .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u6f344d23d8b1348ae5439e50c949a65a .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u6f344d23d8b1348ae5439e50c949a65a .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u6f344d23d8b1348ae5439e50c949a65a:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u6f344d23d8b1348ae5439e50c949a65a .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u6f344d23d8b1348ae5439e50c949a65a .u6f344d23d8b1348ae5439e50c949a65a-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u6f344d23d8b1348ae5439e50c949a65a:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Caucasian Chalk Circle By Bertolt Brecht EssayE.Uncle Tom’s Cabin was successful because she uses her characters to touch and draw every possible emotion from the reader. The emotions range from abhorrence to a deep love. The sequence of events also hooks the reader in, wanting to know what’s going to happen to who next. Stowe uses strong detail also. Uncle Tom is continuously described throughout the entire novel. When she describes a setting, the reader becomes aware of all the surroundings, and has an accurate map drawn in his head. Primarily, Stowe succeeded in showing the reader the life of a slave, and she succeeded in showing the reader that slaver y, in no matter what form, is evil. The only disappointment in the novel is Stowe’s use of dialect. I found it difficult to read because I had to sound out most of the words. This always created a disruption in the flow of the novel, and I often found myself frustrated with the story. Stowe could have gotten her message across without the constant attempts at dialect with misspellings and numerous grammatical errors. F.â€Å"Slavery , which was created by the entire nation, is evil in any form.†Slavery is an evil that haunts our past and still carries an affect in today’s world. A majority of people believe that the north was innocent of slavery. While most did not own slaves, most did not oppose it. They swept the issue under the carpet. Some Northerners took part in dealing slaves, so the North was not slave free. Also, a numerous amount of Northerners came down south to own slaves. Simon Legree is a perfect example in Stowe’s novel. Secondly, slavery existed in many forms. Some slave owne rs were kind to their slaves, others were outrageously cruel. Stowe clearly points out that to no matter what degree, it is evil. This is true. The slave owners, as kind as they could be and as Christian as they thought they were, still viewed the blacks as an inferior race. Stowe presented that point very well with Mr. Shelby. The South was programmed to view blacks in this way, and for years they did. The evil of slavery still haunts America today. By some, blacks are still viewed as inferior to whites. Stowe did an excellent job of presenting her theme. Slavery is a cruel institution, and America’s past reveals this through Stowe’s novel.

7 Tips for Writing an Email Message

7 Tips for Writing an Email Message 7 Tips for Writing an Email Message 7 Tips for Writing an Email Message By Mark Nichol What’s so difficult about writing an email? Nothing. That’s the problem: It’s too easy, and you should take care that a professional message is just that especially if you use email primarily for social interaction and are unaccustomed to sending business emails. Here are some guidelines for businesslike electronic communication. 1. If you write professional emails from a personal address rather than a company account, use a professional-looking address. Don’t ditch your quirky or ribald account name, but acquire a more sedate one, consisting simply of your name and/or a description of your professional services, for business communications. Also, avoid using animations, complicated fonts, and busy backgrounds in your messages. 2. Use the message header to encourage recipients to read your message, stating the purpose of the message distinctly and concisely. 3. Use a formal salutation unless you’re on a first-name basis with the recipient for example, â€Å"Mr. Smith† or â€Å"Dear Ms. Jones,† followed by a colon. If you don’t know the recipient’s name and can’t obtain it by contacting the recipient’s company, write â€Å"Dear Sir or Madam.† (Double-check now that you’ve entered the recipient’s correct email address and have not inadvertently included any other addresses.) 4. Introduce yourself and the purpose of your message in the first paragraph. Use short paragraphs separated by line spaces to clearly and concisely communicate well-organized information. Don’t clutter your message with detailed apologies (though you should certainly begin with a brief apology if your message is overdue, and then get to the point) or with digressions. 5. Conclude with a summary and, if you have any requests, a courteous and concise explanation of actions you would like the recipient to perform. If you are not requesting a response, simply inform or remind the recipient that your services are available, or mention something similar that is appropriate to the context. 6. Sign off with â€Å"Sincerely,† â€Å"Respectfully,† or the like and your full name, followed by your job title and company name, as well as your company’s website and other social-media contact information, or your own if you are self-employed or are contacting the recipient as an individual, not as a representative of a company. 7. Use your email program’s spell-checking tool, proofread your message, and read it aloud in a separate pass. If you used any language that might not be perceived as professional, save the message without sending it and review it later, when you can be more objective about whether it is appropriate. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Business Writing category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:"Based in" and "based out of"Does "Mr" Take a Period?Grammatical Case in English

The Pen is Mightier Than the Sword

The Pen is Mightier Than the Sword The Pen is Mightier Than the SwordYou have probably got a pen in your drawer at home, at work, your car, and maybe in your shirt pocket. The humble pen looks harmless enough, but you may not know the dark secret it keeps from us. The pen through which we write words is surely mightier than the sword. The pen looks like a small ordinary thing. It is also not very costly and it does not have much weight too. Apparently, its structure is also not impressive in its built, but it has great strength and power. The holder of pen is always knowledgeable and learned man. He succeeds everywhere and his orders are obeyed. If the weapon of a warrior is a sword, the weapon of a learned and a commanding authority is the pen. Who so ever held the pen he would get the respect, wealth and fame, and he who left it, would become ineffective, unsuccessful and futile.Cardinal RichelieuHistory has proved that the pen is mightier. All philosophers, doctors, educated and wise men, scientists, poets, writers and engineers got their repute due to the pen. Their names are still alive today only on account of their books, theories, laws and their written works left behind them. Had they not held the pen in their hand, they would not have had education and ultimately their names would have been buried with them in the grave and remained unknown in oblivion.The progress of sciences, evolution, and advancement of the world at large, all is indebted to the pen only. The man invented electricity, ships, Aeroplane, radio and television. He is now commanding seas, mountain, rivers, air, water, fire, the Sun the Moon and the Earth. He is willing to go beyond the moon. The man had...

Explore Hardy's use of Nature in Tess of the D'Urbervilles Coursework

Explore Hardy's use of Nature in Tess of the D'Urbervilles - Coursework Example Tess of the D’Urbervilles (1891) portrays the life of an innocent girl, Tess and details the path of her life to the tragedy and destruction. The writer justifies his presentation of the protagonist by giving the subtitle, ‘A pure woman faithfully presented.’ The life of the pure woman is symbolized with the purity of nature. The nature, as in other novels, remains to be a strong force and motif in this novel. The suffering of Tess is pictured as corresponding to the changes in nature and vice versa. So the affirmative relationship with the protagonist and nature makes the readers to call Hardy as the nature lover just like William Wordsworth, the renowned nature poet. The present paper tries to analyze how Thomas Hardy explored the change of nature in his novel Tess of the D’Urbervilles. Hardy could make use of the involvement of nature with the ups and downs in the life of the protagonist. Tess represents the purity of nature. In the May Day dance Tess is presented as the most beautiful and pure in the ceremony. She became the major attraction of the program. This ceremony is linked with the peasantries’ pagan rituals and culture which is highly associated with the nature. The innocence of peasantry is again associated with the accident when the horse was killed. She feels the responsibility on herself. The death of the animal has become a stink into the conscience of the lady. This marks for the beginning of her tragedy. The innocent girl, Tess Durbeyfield makes her way of tragedy to Trantridge where she was seduced by Alec d’Urbervilles and hence follows the problems in her life finally making her a murderer. In all the flux of her life nature responds with her as a close associative. So nature acts as an integral part in the novel, Tess of the D’Urbervilles. The life of Tess is reflected in the nature surrounded her. She feels carefree and happy at Durbeyfield. Chapter two of the novel describes the village o f Marlott as in the lap of nature. The novelist says that the village of Marlott lay in the Vale of Blackmore and it is â€Å"an engirdled and secluded region, for the most part untrodden as yet by tourist or landscape- painter, through within a four hours’ journey from London.1† This depicts the psychological nature of the protagonist symbolizing purity and beauty. She enjoyed being in the lap of nature at this time. The Club walking or May Day dance that they had conducted at this villages also is the epitome of the enjoyment in the mind of the protagonist. The nature depicted in the Chase where she was seduced by Alec shows the pitfalls in the nature. The agony and sorrow of the protagonist is compared with the sorrow of the animals and birds at the place. Hardy describes the situation as, â€Å"She could hear the rustling of the branches as he ascended the adjoining slope, till his movements were no louder than the hopping of a bird, and finally died away2.† The writer here asks about her guardian angel that why it has deserted the innocent woman to be seduced by a vagabond. The novel states that the nature too is over darkened at this night by the seduction of this innocent girl. But the writer in no way establishes that her purity is lost. She still represents the nature with its purity and beauty. The death her newborn baby seems to be affected in the nature by projecting the sorrow it carries through the birds and trees. The life of Te

Capabilities and competencies.The scope of capabilities is not only Essay

Capabilities and competencies.The scope of capabilities is not only specific but its horizon is also quite vast - Essay Example SWOT Analysis 12 5.1 Strengths 13 5.2 Weaknesses 13 5.3 Opportunities 13 5.4 Threats 13 6. The Balanced Scorecard 14 6.1 Balanced Scorecard as a Measure of Strategic Capabilities 14 6.1.1 Translating the Vision 15 6.1.2 Communicating and Linking   15 6.1.3 Business Planning 15 6.1.4 Feedback and Learning 15 7. Resource Based View (RBV) 15 Appendices 17 Appendix-I: Tour Operator Market Share in Europe 17 Appendix-II: Four Perspectives of Balanced Scorecard 18 Bibliography 19 1. Capabilities and its Importance Generally capabilities and competencies are used interchangeably in literature, however in terms of business and organizational culture, the scope of capabilities is not only specific but its horizon is also quite vast. A capability is a fairly large scale unit of analysis which makes the organization and individual to recognize its purpose with respect to substantial outcomes (Dosi et al, 2000). According to Leonard (1992), â€Å"capability is the knowledge set that distingui shes and provides competitive advantage†. ... Therefore, organizational capabilities play a key role between human resource and the business strategy, thus making it a proactive source of competitive advantage (Ulrick and Lake 1991). (b) Organizational capabilities raise the competency level of individuals and reinforce positive values in the organization. (c) Organizational capabilities help the managing staff to formulate the business strategies basing on the strengths and weaknesses of the available manpower (Barney 1991). (d) These capabilities derive the required consequences like satisfaction of both the stakeholders and customers (Ulrich and Lake 1991; Yeung and Berman 1997). 2. Resources and Capabilities of TUI 2.1 Background TUI, abbreviated for Touristik Union International, was established in 1968 with headquarters located at Berlin, Germany. TUI is the largest integrated tourism group in Europe, lagging far behind its competitors with a turnover of about â‚ ¬ 21,866 million in 2008. Initially, it worked as Preussa g AG and gained a renowned fame in the field of transportation and industrial sector till 2001. This year, it became a 100% subsidiary of Preussag AG. In next year, Preussag AG was transformed into TUI AG (http://www.tui.com). During next few years, TUI developed and changed its production from industrial segment to a modern tourism and shipping company. The general credibility of the TUI is quite excellent and strategically today TUI is the largest and leading tourism and shipping organization of the world, operationally active mainly in Central, Northern and Western Europe while it has the networks across the Europe as well. The inventory of TUI

Developing Evaluative Skills Through Critiquing Quantitative Research

Developing Evaluative Skills Through Critiquing Quantitative Research Nursing is becoming a progressively evidence base profession. Arguably, Nightingale first popularised the link between nursing theory, nursing practice and research to inform an appropriate evidence base, and progress towards this goal has been ongoing ever since (Graham 2003). In nursing, a critique is often seen as a first step in learning the research process. However, conducting a critique is not a basic skill (Burns and Grove 2004). The Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC, 2008) ruled it mandatory for the pre-registration nursing curriculum to teach EBP as a fundamental principle of proficiency. Research has become a priority for nurses of all specialities. This paper seeks to demonstrate how these evaluative skills can be developed by critiquing a quantitative research study. An acknowledgement of the credibility of the authors, the publishing journal, and the methods used the data collection and analysis, findings, ethical issues and the strengths and weakness of the research is made. The paper will be considered using the CASP critique tool for methodological consistency and ease of presentation (CASP 2000); shown in appendix 1; a copy of the tool is enclosed. The article, on which this critique research is made, was published in the journal of Advanced Nursing. The title of the article is, Tablet-splitting: a common yet not so innocent practice. The title of this article outlined above, is seemingly clear and explicit, although not as concise as Frances et al,(2007) would prefer; between ten and fifteen words. The title of this paper suggests that tablet splitting is a common practice, which is probably true, but it suggests that it is not so innocent, which smacks more of journalism than an academic paper. It is possible that the original Belgian text does not translate perfectly into English and this may be a translational syntactical inaccuracy. The article was accepted on 6 August 2010 and it was published in the Journal of Advanced Nursing 67(1), pages 26-32. Elsevier (2009) State that they only print manuscripts that have been peer reviewed with any necessary revisions made. This is favourable for the credibility of the article as the reader is assured that it has been scrutinised by an independent body of a similar field to the author/s. Elsevier also clarifies that the author must have the appropriate clinical and educational credentials for the research study. The four authors are all highly qualified, each with a PhD, three in academic pharmacology and a fourth who is a professor of geriatrics. A substantial literature search does not show any other publications by these authors. Quantitative research is formal and objective research that is concerned with collecting and analysing data that focuses on numbers and frequencies, rather than meaning or experience, it examines cause-and-effect interactions among variables using a systematic process (Burns and Grove, 1997; Ogier, 1999). The research that has been carried out for this published paper is an example of quantitative research and has been carried out using a randomised control trial method. A randomised control trial (R.C.T.) is a true experiment characterised by the manipulation of the independent variable, random assignment of individual subjects to the conditions and all other factors being controlled (Ogier, 1999). The R.C.T. was carried out as a small study in which five volunteers were asked to split eight tablets of different sizes and shapes, including medicines for Parkinsons disease, heart failure and arthritis. Participants used three different methods to split their pills: a splitting device , scissors or manual spitting for scored tablets, and a kitchen knife. In the article under scrutiny, the authors point out the fact that it is observed to be common clinical practice, particularly in nursing homes, to split tablets so that a proportion of the tablet dose can be conveniently given. This can be for economic or purely practical reasons as tablets are often supplied from stock and not always in the exact form or dose prescribed. They cite a German study in support (Quinzler et al 2006) which found that nearly 25% of administered drugs were split. It should however, be noted that on closer inspection, the Quinzler study is not particularly relevant to the UK situation, has a number of serious methodological errors and also did not consider a wide spectrum of clinical applications, nor is it in close agreement with other studies in this area. Its findings therefore are not particularly generalizable and are a poor choice of evidence in support of this paper. There is no doubt however, from taking a further overview of the available literature, that tablet-splitting does occur with a degree of regularity in clinical situations, and as such, the authors consider this investigation justified. The Abstract in this case is perfectly adequate, outlining the main points of the study. The main contentious issue is a comment in the Abstract conclusion which states that Large dose deviationsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. occurred when splitting tablets (Verrue et al 2011, p.26), a comment which is not actually borne out by the findings of the study. Close inspection of the results suggest that deviations of more than 25% of the original tablet mass occurred in 19% of cases, but the authors included those cases where one half spontaneously split further, and therefore would have no real clinical or practical significance. It has also to be noted that there is no indication in the abstract, of the methods of sample selection or whether this was in any way a controlled trial. It does however; serve the prime objective of an Abstract, which is to offer the reader sufficient information to determine whether further reading of the article would be appropriate (Robson 2006). The Introduction is comparatively short. The point about the citation of the Quinzler study has already been made, but the rest of the Introduction effectively sets out the rationale for the study, together with the justification for clinical relevance. It has to be observed that the literature review is comparatively brief with some comparatively old papers being cited (Barker et al 1982 and Babbington 1997) when there are a number of perfectly respectable authorities to make the same points that are much newer and would therefore be considered both more relevant and appropriate (Coombes et al 2009). The aims of the study are clearly stated, although the actual study design is not. It requires further reading through the paper to actually determine the methodology used (this is found under data collection), the sample selection, (this is found under Discussion which is really quite inappropriate) and also the means of determining the results (also found under data collection). It is also the case that the clinical significance of the rationale for the study is neither explicitly set out nor addressed. This is very relevant to the issue of tablet-splitting as if, as the cited literature suggests, there is a 25% variance in actual dose administration after splitting, then the degree to which it could be clinically important should be presented. One could suggest that in all but the most extreme cases, a 25% variation in the dose of Aspirin given is not likely to be hugely clinically significant, whereas a 25% variation in the dose of a cytotoxic drug may have profound consequences for the patient. There is no real consideration of this point, nor any concession to its absence (Polgar et al 2000). This element of the review of the literature in the introduction therefore has major deficiencies. The study design is quantitative in nature. The authors have used five healthcare professionals for the task of tablet-splitting. One has to read through to the study limitations segment to determine that the authors used an administrative co-worker, a laboratory technician, a pharmacy student and two pharmacists as the study cohort. On reflection, this seems a strange choice, as it is neither homogenous nor rational, as none of these groups are likely to be involved in tablet-splitting in the situation of the nursing home, which the authors have chosen to investigate (nor many other clinically relevant situations, in all probability). This choice seriously weakens both the generalizability of the findings and also the applicability of the study to the clinical evidence base for nursing. Another major shortcoming of the methodology of this paper is the fact that the authors included cases where the tablet split into more than two pieces as deviations from the mean. In most clinical situations the administration of a tablet, which has split into two halves, and one half has then broken further, is no less accurate if the pieces are administered as one piece or as several. The authors make no concession on this point and therefore are likely to significantly overestimate the inaccuracies in their findings. (Schulz et al 2005) Issues of sample selection have already been addressed above. Sample size appears to be completely arbitrary with a total of 1,200 operations spread over the group being considered a reasonable sample size. It is usual, in academic studies such as this to see calculations of minimum sample size to determine the power of significance. Its omission further reduces the applicability of the study (Rosenthal 2004). The ethical considerations are explicitly addressed, as ethical committee approval was not required because patients were neither involved nor personal details recorded (Bowling 2002). Some of the elements of bias and limitation have already been addressed. The results obtained have been subjected to a modest degree of statistical analysis with a one way ANOVA and a Turkeys post hoc analysis being carried out. One has to observe however, that the nature of the study is such that a more sophisticated data analysis is not really appropriate (Argyrous 2000). The results are presented in a clear and logical fashion, with 5 tables showing how the results were distributed. It is clear from the presentation of the results exactly what the authors have found; for example using a splitting device was the most accurate method. It still produced a 15 to 25 per cent error margin in 13 per cent of cases, but this was lower than the 22 per cent for scissors and the 17 per cent for the knife. Further critical reading is not necessary in this respect. An interesting feature of the study is the fact that weight loss of the tablet occasioned by the splitting process has also been determined, for example some tablets were much easier to split accurately than others. The easiest to split produced an overall error margin of 15 per cent deviation or more and the most difficult tablets produced an error margin of 19 per cent. Closer examination of the results however, shows that this does not just reflect the amount of material lost as powder or small fragments, as one might initially consider, but also the amount of the tablet that was inadvertently dropped on the floor. The authors rationalised this on the basis that a tablet, once having been on the floor, would not be subsequently given to the patient, which although undoubtedly true, does rather distort the results that are presented (Rosner 2006). The discussion element of this paper is something of a disappointment. The first element is a consideration of the study limitations, which entirely appropriate (Gomm et al 2000). The authors spontaneously point out the fact that the clinical effects or consequences of their findings are not presented (Verrue at el 2011 p. 29). This is a major detraction from the usefulness of this paper and would make the interpretation of the results by a non-clinician more difficult. The authors also concede that no nurses were selected for the experimental splitting group. This is quite remarkable, as one could intuitively suggest that it would be nurses, of various grades, who would actually be responsible for tablet-splitting in the vast majority of clinical circumstances. It is actually of little practical relevance for nursing homes to be able to understand how effective a Professor of Pharmacology is at splitting tablets. The authors go on to compare and contrast their findings with other work in the area (Mcdevitt et al 1998,Birton et al. 1999, Peek et al. 2002, Teng et al. 2002, Cook et al 2003) and point out the similarities and differences in their findings. This is an entirely appropriate and useful segment with the authors pointing out the specific fact that this type of study has not been done before and also that much of the similar work in this area is already a few years old (Verrue et al 2011 p.30) The discussion segment also notes that we aimed at providing nursing homes with advice for the best tablet-splitting technique in daily practice (Verrue et al 2011, p.30). One would suggest that this is not in congruence with the stated aims of the study (although it is tangentially relevant). One could also observe that the one thing that this study does not do, is to offer nursing homes a suitable evidence base on which to base their practices, as no clinically relevant staff were involved in the study. Some of the participants are unlikely to have a concept of the clinical significance of exactly halving the dose of the medication. This is a low grade study which had the potential to make an impact on the evidence base in an important clinical area. The methodological shortcomings and a lack of generalizability, greatly reduce any possibility of such an impact. The paper, although superficially well presented, with an admirable display of tables and easy to interpret data, has major flaws which become apparent on even the most superficial levels of critical analysis. The initial interest generated by a reading of the Abstract, did not translate into clinically useful data which could be applied into everyday nursing practice. An overview of the methodology suggests that the authors might have made a significant contribution to the evidence base in this area with a little more forethought and pre-study design consideration. This belief is given credence by the fact that the authors criticise themselves in the Study limitations segment, in areas which could quite reasonably have been considered before the actual investigation took place. This study does not materially contribute to the evidence base in this area. Appendix 1 Quantitative Research Papers Critiquing Tool A Framework for Critiquing Quantitative Research Papers Include full reference of paper here: (i.e. Author/s (date) Title of article. Journal title. Volume, Number, page numbers.) Critiquing Framework Title of Paper Is the aim or purpose of the study clear? Are the main variables of interest indicated? Is the study design or research method clear from the title? Is there any reference to the population from whom the data are collected? The Abstract/Summary Does this summarise the whole study? Is information provided regarding background, literature, aim/and objectives, hypotheses (if RCT), methods, sample size, measures used etc, results and conclusions? Does it suggest that a more detailed reading of the rest of the paper would be worthwhile? Introduction/Literature Review Background/rationale Why was the topic chosen, what is the background to the study? Is there a critical review of previous literature and related theoretical concepts? Are gaps in the literature identified? Aim and objectives What problem or issue is being investigated? How clearly is this problem or issue defined or explained? Is there a clearly stated aim? Do the research objectives or research questions support this aim? Are the variables of interest clearly defined `and are relationships between these evident and clearly stated? Which are the independent and dependent variables? Are hypotheses (if RCT) stated in a way that makes them testable? Method Research design What is the study design and is it clearly explained and appropriate for the research questions? Could the design be improved? Was there a pilot study? Research questionnaires What measures are used? Are validity and reliability reported for these measures either in the paper or clearly referenced? Have the authors dealt appropriately with any unreliable questionnaires or scales? Sample Is the population appropriate for the research question? How were the sample chosen? What is the sample size? Are statistical power considerations discussed? Are inclusion and exclusion criteria described? Can the results be reasonably generalised on the basis of this sample? Ethics Are ethical considerations presented. Is it suggested that ethical approval was granted? Results/Findings/Data analysis Does the paper explain clearly how the data are analysed? Are statistical techniques clearly and adequately described? Are the statistics presented at a simple descriptive level or are inferential statistics also included? How are the results presented? Does the text adequately explain any tables or graphs? Have any tests of significance established whether differences, or associations, between groups could have happened by chance? What p values are used? Are non-significant results clearly indicated? Discussion Is the discussion an accurate account of the results? Could there be other ways of interpreting the data? Does the discussion address the research aim and objectives? Are all the research questions answered? Conclusion Are the conclusions of the study consistent with the results of the statistical analyses? Are alternative conclusions suggested? Are theoretical and practical implications of the results adequately discussed? Are the recommendations suggested feasible? Limitations What are the limitations and are these acknowledged by the authors? Overall impression (CASP 2000)

Adolf Hitler Essay example -- Nazi Hitler Biography Biographies Essays

Adolf Hitler One of the most prominent names in the history of the world is Adolf Hitler. Adolf Hitler’s impact on the twentieth century is much more than any other man. Whether this impact is considered good or not, it does not matter. Hitler’s influence on the world, although not a good one, is unquestionable. Many leaders have had inspirations of ruling the world, but few of those leaders have had the strength or power to even attempt world domination. But Hitler was one of those few, his ability to lead a group into a fight for immoral purposes, and total control over Germany led to his dominance. Hitler’s promise to Germany to bring the country back to a major power status lured the country into his rule. Germany had visions of power and greatness, and Hitler was the leader who was going to accomplish that for them. So with power in mind, Germany followed Hitler’s lead, which led to the annihilation and almost extinction of the Jews in Europe. We have all heard the horror stories of the concentration camps, and the events that were a part of World War Two. It is sad to say, but only a man who had great intelligence and leadership qualities could lead such a battle. No man before Hitler reig ned in so much power, and no man after him has even come close. Although his actions were not justified, Hitler became the most dominant man in the world. Adolf Hitler was born on April 20, 1889 in the Austrian town of Braunau. He was the fourth child of Alois Schickelgruber and Klara Hitler. Two of his siblings died from diphtheria when they were children, and one died shortly after his birth. Hitler’s father was a customs official, illegitimate by birth, which was described by his housemaid as a "very strict but comfortable" man. When Hitler was a child, his mother gave him love and affection. When Adolf was three years old, the family moved to Passau, along the Inn River on the German side of the border. A brother, Edmond, was born two years later. The family moved once more in 1895 to the farm community of Hafeld, 30 miles southwest of Linz. Another sister, Paula, was born in 1896, the sixth of the family, supplemented by a half brother and half sister from one of his fat her's two previous marriages. Following another family move, Adolf lived for six months across from a large Benedictine monastery. The monastery's coat of arms' most salient feature was ... ... to be inevitably lost and with his followers having doubts, Hitler killed himself on April 30, 1945 (Duffy 115-120). We can all agree that Hitler’s master plan was corrupt. And that it is to the world’s benefit that Hitler was not able to accomplish his master plan. But we must also notice that Hitler is a man who had a great amount of power, and came as close as anyone to dominating the world. Although his beliefs and actions are defiantly corrupt, Hitler’s effect on the world is enormous. Hitler fought for the German culture that he loved, and influenced the Germans into fighting with him. His motive for fighting was not justified, but he proved he was man who had to be dealt with. His impact on the world is arguably more than that of any other single man. Although his impact did not improve the world, Hitler can still be considered the most dominant man in the history of the world. Bibliography 1. Davidson, Eugene. The Unmaking of Adolf Hiltler. Missouri: University of Missouri Press, 1996. 2. Duffy, James. Target Hitler. Connecticut: Greenwood Publishing Group Inc., 1992. 3. Simpson, William. Hitler and Germany. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1991.. Adolf Hitler Essay example -- Nazi Hitler Biography Biographies Essays Adolf Hitler One of the most prominent names in the history of the world is Adolf Hitler. Adolf Hitler’s impact on the twentieth century is much more than any other man. Whether this impact is considered good or not, it does not matter. Hitler’s influence on the world, although not a good one, is unquestionable. Many leaders have had inspirations of ruling the world, but few of those leaders have had the strength or power to even attempt world domination. But Hitler was one of those few, his ability to lead a group into a fight for immoral purposes, and total control over Germany led to his dominance. Hitler’s promise to Germany to bring the country back to a major power status lured the country into his rule. Germany had visions of power and greatness, and Hitler was the leader who was going to accomplish that for them. So with power in mind, Germany followed Hitler’s lead, which led to the annihilation and almost extinction of the Jews in Europe. We have all heard the horror stories of the concentration camps, and the events that were a part of World War Two. It is sad to say, but only a man who had great intelligence and leadership qualities could lead such a battle. No man before Hitler reig ned in so much power, and no man after him has even come close. Although his actions were not justified, Hitler became the most dominant man in the world. Adolf Hitler was born on April 20, 1889 in the Austrian town of Braunau. He was the fourth child of Alois Schickelgruber and Klara Hitler. Two of his siblings died from diphtheria when they were children, and one died shortly after his birth. Hitler’s father was a customs official, illegitimate by birth, which was described by his housemaid as a "very strict but comfortable" man. When Hitler was a child, his mother gave him love and affection. When Adolf was three years old, the family moved to Passau, along the Inn River on the German side of the border. A brother, Edmond, was born two years later. The family moved once more in 1895 to the farm community of Hafeld, 30 miles southwest of Linz. Another sister, Paula, was born in 1896, the sixth of the family, supplemented by a half brother and half sister from one of his fat her's two previous marriages. Following another family move, Adolf lived for six months across from a large Benedictine monastery. The monastery's coat of arms' most salient feature was ... ... to be inevitably lost and with his followers having doubts, Hitler killed himself on April 30, 1945 (Duffy 115-120). We can all agree that Hitler’s master plan was corrupt. And that it is to the world’s benefit that Hitler was not able to accomplish his master plan. But we must also notice that Hitler is a man who had a great amount of power, and came as close as anyone to dominating the world. Although his beliefs and actions are defiantly corrupt, Hitler’s effect on the world is enormous. Hitler fought for the German culture that he loved, and influenced the Germans into fighting with him. His motive for fighting was not justified, but he proved he was man who had to be dealt with. His impact on the world is arguably more than that of any other single man. Although his impact did not improve the world, Hitler can still be considered the most dominant man in the history of the world. Bibliography 1. Davidson, Eugene. The Unmaking of Adolf Hiltler. Missouri: University of Missouri Press, 1996. 2. Duffy, James. Target Hitler. Connecticut: Greenwood Publishing Group Inc., 1992. 3. Simpson, William. Hitler and Germany. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1991..

Proposed Market Entry Strategy Essay

1. Executive Summary The use of air conditioning is widespread since it does not only provide appropriate room temperature for electrical equipments that make internet and telecommunication works but also provide comfortable atmosphere for cooling rooms in a houses, trade centers, office buildings and many others. The situation reveals that air conditioning equipments have vital roles in society. However, the use of air conditioning devices is associated with high costs since they consume large power of electrical current. Under such circumstances, the development of efficient cooling and purifying devices become the next stage in the air cooling and purifying development. One of air purifying and cooling products available in the market is EnerVent ®, which developed by Northridge Enterprise. The company understands that to win customers’ hearts, there are four key features that EnerVent ® should possess; they are true Fresh air delivery, low costs and low heating air conditioning in compact design, high quality of air purifiers that are not merely circulating the same air in a room, and capability to eliminate harmful gases, mold, and germs. Concerning the issue, this paper has elaborated several issues concerning the market entry strategy for EnerVent ® including target markets, market potential, competitive market analysis, marketing objectives, marketing mix strategy (product, place, promotion, and place) 2. Introduction 2.1. Development of Air Conditioning and Purifying Products Nowadays, the discussion over the benefits of the sophisticated information technology including computers and telecommunications on business and communication is an endless topic in seminars or exhibitions. However, in order to work properly, such equipments need low-temperature in order to prevent overheating so that the use of high-power air conditioning is vast in the equipment rooms. In addition to the use of air conditioning devices for cooling rooms, they also provide comfortable atmosphere for cooling rooms in a houses, trade centers, office buildings and many others. The situation reveals that air conditioning equipments have vital roles in society. This makes sense since the use of air conditioning is widespread and easily found in almost every place that provide comfortable atmosphere. According to ARI CoolNet, air conditioning has several functional benefits as following: ï‚ § Providing personal comfort ï‚ § Improving productivity in the workplace where it relates to the comfortable place the air conditioning provides ï‚ § Increasing good medical and health services ï‚ § Helping vendors to preserve fresh and frozen foods like seafood, frozen potatoes, sausage an many others ï‚ § Protecting electrical equipment from excessive heating Since the use of air conditioning, previously called as manufactured air, is vital in day-to-day activities, it becomes a significant invention in human history. However, recent air conditioning or ventilation products do not end in the development of fancy casing or cooler temperature but also in several values added features. For example, the invention of Plasma cluster technology, which is capable of killing 99-percent bacterium and viruses including Aviation flue viruses, becomes the Sharps’ competitive advantage that generate revenue for the Japanese company’s air conditioning and cooling products including refrigerators, chillers, air conditioner, air purifiers, to name a few. However, the use of air conditioning products is associated with high costs since they consume large power of electrical current. Under such circumstances, the development of efficient cooling and purifying devices become the next stage in the air cooling and purifying development. 2.2. EnerVent ® Products EnerVent ® is manufactured to fulfill the need for efficient ventilation system that has several features including compact design (small) and lightweight compared to existing whole house and individual room air conditioning system. The EnerVent ® has favorable tagline that clearly target particular customers as following: There is nothing like fresh air from open windows on a Spring day. Yet high heating and air conditioning costs keep homes sealed tight to save money. Harmful odors, gases, mold, and germs stay in. Even quality air purifiers can only clean and circulate the same air. The EnerVent ® system offers the best of both worlds, bringing in and circulating out up to 12 true air exchanges daily without a significant energy penalty† The EnerVent ® jargon suggests that there are four features that the company concerns when developing EnerVent ®; they are Fresh air delivery, low costs and low heating air conditioning in compact design, high quality of air purifiers that are not merely circulating the same air in a room, and capability to eliminate harmful gases, mold, and germs. Concerning the size, Figure 1 shows example of several air conditioning designs that appear to be ‘usual’, large, and ‘compact’ design. (a) GMG (b) Delonghi Figure 1 Several Design of Existing Air Conditioning System Source: OK CHINA INDUSTRIAL LTD, 2007 In addition to size, competition in air conditioning system evolves into the provision of fresh air that circulate the true fresh air from the outside instead circulating the same air. This feature is significantly important since people have great concerns over the raising pollution because of industrial plants discard smoke, the forest fire, bad air-refreshing systems in a house, etc. Generally, air pollution in the U.S., to be precise, and other industrial countries is because acid rain in both the U.S. and Canada in which the US becomes a country that emits a large amount of carbon dioxide as the result of fossil fuels burning; limited resources of natural fresh water, water pollution due to pesticides and fertilizers (â€Å"Air pollution from other countries drifts into USA†, 2005). Concerning the capability of eliminating odor, EnerVent ® also present attractive features since the product is capable of eliminating harmful odors, gases, mold, and germs. In the market, this feature is best represented by Sharp’s Plasma cluster product as shown in the Figure 2. (a) Sharp FU40SEK (b) Sharp FU-S40TA Figure 2 Sharp Air Purifier with Plasma cluster technology Source: Callde, 2007; Pantipmarket, 2007 3. Target Markets Since EnerVent ® has particular characteristics that present the â€Å"true† fresh air to either â€Å"whole houses† and â€Å"individual room†, therefore, the target market for EnerVent ® is as following: ï‚ § Brand of Products : – True fresh air like one from open windows on a Spring day – Eliminate harmful odors, gases, mold, and germs stay in – Low energy consumption ï‚ § Customers’ Preferences : People who concern about the need for fresh air in a room that has capability to eliminate harmful materials at low operation costs ï‚ § Ages : above 25 (this is the age where people use their rational reasons when buying a product). This is important since home electronic industry are fulfilled with advertising that trick customers ï‚ § Income Levels : above $2,500 per month (considering that the price of air Purifying is above $100, see Figure 3) Figure 3 Air Purifier Source: Bizrate, 2007 4. Market Potential and Sales Forecast The market potential for air purifiers from EnerVent ® is people who concerns about the People who concern about the need for fresh air in a room that has capability to eliminate harmful materials at low operation costs. The description suggests that EnerVent ® target both high-end customers since they are more concern about complete features regardless the price and low-end customers since they concern about low-operational costs despite high ownership costs. For high end customers, they realize that air pollution is more influencing the children than adult. All of U.S. researchers open their study about finding the polluted air impact at the children. It is believed that air pollution make the children lung become smaller. This evidence assures that air pollution own the chronic impact. In addition, this impact will be permanent at all of the children until they become adult (â€Å"Air Pollution Might Affect Lung Development in Children, Study Finds†, 2004). Bad air quality give the negative impact to the environmental quality and the financial loss because of the air pollution is not small. Because financially, air pollution will improve the cost, which must be become the responsibility of society. It can be in the form of medical expense for pain suffered, decreasing of the work productivity as an effect of air pollution, and decreasing of the prosperity life. Due to the fact that air pollution may provide unfavorable condition for an entire family; therefore, Northridge Enterprise has wide market potential to sell EnerVent ®, the true air purifier. To be specific the market potential for EnerVent ® is as following: 4.1. Middle and High Class market, Offices and Buildings There are many considerations in the minds of consumers when they are buying air conditioning product. In most parts of the world, air conditioning is the consumption of middle and high-class families, buildings and offices. For these people, cost is not the prime factor of consideration. It is quality that concerns them the most. In the light of this consideration, the Enervent will only gain small portion of the market in this segment because there are many air conditioning products which have better features and higher capacity to regulate air in larger offices. The Enervent on the other hand, can only regulate air in a limited space because it does not have the capability of producing cool air as a regular air conditioning machine. There are however, mid and high class households and small offices that prefer to use air purifier because they like the natural atmosphere of their houses and offices. These are generally smaller establishments or places which have plenty, but small to medium-sized rooms. This represents an opportunity for Enervent to enter the medium and high class households, buildings and offices. The opportunity however, is very small compare to the entire market of air conditioning equipment in the medium and high class market. 4.2. Medium and Lower Income Families Air conditioning needs are not the sole demands of medium and high-class establishments. In the modern realm where people’s desire for quality has been considerably enhanced, the need for air conditioning spreads to the low income families and offices. This represents a better opportunity for Enervent to gain larger portion of the market. This is true because for low income families and low-budget offices, the cost of having a full fledged air conditioning system can be quite overwhelming. In previous times, they generally switch to air purifier products because they are cheaper and do not consume too much electricity. However, the presence of the Enervent creates new and better alternative. These people could gain better quality than average air purifiers and pay cheaper costs than the average air conditioner products (Ward, 2007). 4.3. The market for Air Regulator Machines The rapid development of economy in various regions of the world generated massive demands for air conditioning products. In some markets, the air conditioning products are displaying a rapid increase, like the Indian market and Saudi Arabian. They are potential markets because of their geographic conditions and their economic development. On the other hand, there are also markets that displayed declining tendencies in the air conditioning market development because of the over-crowded markets, like China. In Europe, United States and most of the Asian countries displayed stable or otherwise mild development in the air conditioning market (Wind of Change, 2006). The product is, on the other hand, a revolutionary product filling a niche between the high cost air conditioning equipment and the simple air purifier machine. In a sense it has similar but different markets than those of the air conditioner products. Because of the revolutionary nature of the industry, and the contributions from low income, middle and high class markets elaborated above, I believe that the product will take over approximately 5-10% of the air conditioning market in the end of the first year. Furthermore, being the sole producer of Enervent, then the sales number of the company will be similar to that percentage. For instance, if the US air conditioning market is worth US$ 1 billion annually, then Enervent will generate a sales number of US$ 50-100 million. 5. Competitive Market Analysis The air conditioning industry is a global industry. Most of the modern countries plus several of the developing countries witnessed rapid growth of their air national air conditioning industry. In Saudi Arabia for example, demands for air conditioners is the highest in the world. Analysts have stated that the Saudi Arabian market has become a unique investment opportunities for foreign investors. Although not exactly alike, similar rate of growth can be witnessed in India and other developing countries (Saudi Aircon, 2007). Despite the rapid growth of the industry, Enervent cannot expect to gain the full benefit of the market development. The direct competitor of Enervent is air conditioning itself. Despite their significantly higher prices, they have larger capacity of regulating temperature and the condition of large rooms. Modern air conditioning is also equipped with various features that do not exist in Enervent, like self cleaning device, etc. Furthermore, air conditioning has a better and more widespread reputation that Enervent, which is a new and unpopular product. The competitive advantages of Enervent against the direct competitor are price and efficiency. The product is considerably cheaper, lighter and more far more electricity efficient than the average air conditioning machine. Indirect competitor of Enervent is the cheaper and simpler air purifier. The low cost and electricity efficient device is also quite popular as alternative of air conditioners. They generate significantly less cost than the average air conditioner, but cannot act as a temperature regulator. Many considered that the air purifier and the air conditioner market is not the same. Nevertheless, they are the same. Air purifier is an indirect competitor of both the air conditioner market and Enervent. Enervent has the advantage of temperature control with similarly low cost and efficient electricity compare to the air purifier. In addition to the analysis above, there are also other factors in the air conditioner industry that generates opportunities for Enervent to grow, they are: †¢ The emerging new styles of offices In the modern world, people are not satisfied having the same offices as other companies. In order to facilitate such a need for creative office design. The trend toward more stylish offices generates more complicated buildings with less ventilation. Pursuing efficiency, more employees are stationed in smaller rooms. These conditions generated the need for larger capacities of air conditioning. This is logical because managers have realized that poor air quality in the workplace could result in lack of productivity and worse, sickness (Cunningham, 1986). The necessity for more air conditioning system generates more demands of air conditioning machines. However, because companies are constantly searching for ways to enhance efficiency, their attention turn toward products which can deliver similar performance in air conditioning with less prices and more electricity efficient performance. This leads to opportunities for the newly designed Enervent, an air conditioning machine which are significantly cheaper and much more electricity efficient (Piercy, 1982). †¢ New Competitors The highly competitive environment is created by various factors. For one, the amount of players within the industry also plays a great role in shaping the competitive atmosphere. In the air conditioning market, Far Eastern manufacturers have improved their manufacturing capabilities by cooperating with Japanese producers. The new entrants are expected to influence the European market aggressively by means of targeting an established distributor. These new entrants have significantly lower price structures, thus allowing them to deliver cheaper prices to consumers. This leads to harder and more competitive atmosphere in the industry of both air conditioning machines and air purifier machines. In a sense, this also influences Enerven as an alternative between the two products. 6. Marketing Objectives The hardest mission of a marketer in getting the product accepted and recognized within the local environment. The Enervent is a new product with revolutionary technology. Its first year in the market should be the year of promotion and market penetration. Therefore the marketing objectives should be: †¢ Establish presence in local environment There are various factors that could influence how a product will result revenues and profits within its market. Each local environment has different preferences of how products should be. It is important for Enervent to win the hearts of local society by collaborating with local culture and traditions. The failure to achieve that will create poor and undeveloped sales performance. Thus, one of the most important and early marketing objective should be how to generate connection with local markets (Korey, 1986). †¢ Discover new channel of distributions and marketing In the first year of marketing, new products should be brought throughout the markets using various channels and means of transportations. Getting to know the local infrastructure and how will it affect the business is very much important. Thus, discovering new channel of promotion and distribution is also an important objective (Koney, 1986) †¢ Create a distinction Establishing presence and discovering new channels are usually not enough to get the product running and generate revenues and profits. The product needs features or appearance that will differentiate it from other products. This activity is called brand designing (Keegan, 1989). 7. Marketing Mix In the following chapter I will use existing information to make an assessment of how Enervent should be sold. This assessment is important because it determines the shape of the business offering toward consumers. Re-designing the business offerings has been the core purpose of performing a marketing mix analysis. In terms of Enervent, the following is suggested: 7.1. Product Positioning Strategy Enervent should be well promoted to reflect capabilities of the new and revolutionary product. As implied in previous chapters, the product should be advertised as a brilliant alternative to air conditioning and air purifier. It is the combination of both worlds which brings the best of them. The product can also be advertised as the new revolution in air conditioning. The advertising campaign would have to generate the image that Enervent is the next generation of low cost, low energy air conditioning (Keegan, 1989). As mentioned in previous chapter, the product has different opportunities in different segments of the market. Therefore, there is a need to perform different emphasize on different segments of the market. In the medium to high-class households, buildings and offices, the company should focus on promoting the product as a smart replacement of the average air conditioning system because of its air temperature management capabilities and its low cost and energy efficient nature. This would attract those customers which prefer to maintain the naturality of their environments as mentioned before. On the other hand, in the low-income households and offices, the product should be promoted as the new generation of air conditioning. The product should be promoted as the new and brilliant evolution toward environmental friendliness and quality preservation. Because the company is forecasted to generate more sales in this segment, this characteristic of product positioning (as a revolutionary new generation of air conditioning) should be the main scenario of marketing. Other processes within the product positioning activities which require attention includes: paying attention to manufacturing specifications, labeling and packaging to represent the target market we are aiming and the position of our product. The product must also be tested first before it enters the market. Analysts also suggested that the product should be matched with its surrounding environment, whether in times of sale or distribution. For instance, products that travel through the road should contain different specifications and equipments to products that travel through air (Keegan, 1989). 7.2. Pricing Strategy In marketing mix, price is considered as one of the factor that contributes to the total value of product offering. Despite the high quality of the product, if the pricing strategy does no reflect value (which means the value gained from the purchase is greater than the value of money sacrificed for the purchase), then customers would not be appealed to the product. Price has been the most important consideration in buying air conditioner machines for years. Because of the highly advanced technology and the power needed to perform the task of regulating air throughout the surrounding environment, the average air conditioners cost quite a fortune. In terms of Enervent, I propose a new set of pricing considerations which emphasis on acknowledgement of the segments in which the product will be marketed. In other words, the pricing strategy should reflect discounts, bonuses, price competitiveness, etc. Nevertheless, managers cannot ignore the importance of having a valuable product. The psycography of customers sometimes generates new understanding over the behavior of consumers. For one, consumer often mistaken quality with price. Often we find that if we charge higher, people would buy the product more. Managers in charge of the pricing strategy must have considerable sensitiveness toward the behavior of his/her customers. 7.3. Distribution strategy Distribution is also a factor in marketing and selling products. Companies must have provided their officers with sufficient funding in order to prevent lack of funding in the delivery process. Often, the assignment on distribution is in line with order processing stages. In a sense, distribution is an inseparable part of order processing and the process is not over until the products are delivered successfully to customers. In terms of exporting the Enervent, managers of the distribution process should prepare all the necessary export preparation and documentation. Often shipments failed because of the lack of diligence in preparing the required documentation (Basche, 1971). Distribution management includes managing the cost of distribution. In we are to export Enervent as a part of our central operations, than it is important for us to assign the distribution cost to the recipient instead of to our own cost structure. Forwarding freight is crucial in distribution management. Managers of distribution process must also pay attention to other supporting issues like insurance and arbitration. The lack consideration of these small factors could generate problems in later days. In distributing the Enervent, we must also consider the fact that inventory support is crucial for distribution process. Inventory management and warehousing strategies must be accounted to the nature of the product to prevent losses or diminished product quality. 7.4. Promotional activities In terms of advertising and promotion, we have discussed the need to represent Enervent in different ways for different market segments. On the other hand, if reality forces us to choose, we must choose to represent the largest demands on the market. In the Enevernet case, this means promoting the product as the new generation of air conditioning. Promotions can be performed through ‘indirect forms’, like literature, direct mail, etc. There are also a more direct form of promotion which includes exhibitions and trade shows. Often, the presence of a good sales force is also influential to promotional activities. In marketing Enervent, managerial abilities to motivate sales forces are important to promotional activities. This is important considering the product is new in the market. Another way of motivating the promotional activities is by using agents. External agents who receive commissions are generally more motivated to do their job because of the compensation strategy. Reference †Air Pollution Might Affect Lung Development in Children, Study Finds.† 2004. Retrieved May 9, 2007 from http://www.californiahealthline.org/index.cfm?Action=dspItem&itemID=105505 ARI CoolNet. â€Å"Air Conditioning: Improving the Way We Live.† Retrieved May 9, 2007 from http://www.ari.org/consumer/history/history-ac.html Basche, J.R. Jr. â€Å"Export Marketing Services and Costs†. 1971. New York: The Conference Board, p4. Cunningham, M.T. â€Å"Strategies for International Industrial Marketing†. 1986. In D.W. Turnbull and J.P. Valla (eds.) Croom Helm p 9. Delonghi.  « Delonghi Portable Air Conditioners – Delonghi Portable Air Conditioning.  » 2007. Retrieved May 7, from http://www.delonghi-portable-air-conditioners.co.uk/images/3176.jpg Korey, G. â€Å"Multilateral Perspectives in International Marketing Dynamics†. 1986. European Journal of Marketing, Vol. 20, No. 7, pp 34-42 Keegan, W.J. â€Å"Global Marketing Management.† 1989. Prentice Hall International Editions. OK CHINA INDUSTRIAL LTD. â€Å"Wholesale Air conditioner.† 2007. Retrieved May 7, 2007 from http://www.sz-wholesale.com/shenzhen_China_products/Air-conditioner_1.htm Piercy, N. â€Å"Company Internationalisation: Active and Reactive Exporting†. 1982. European Journal of Marketing, Vol. 15, No. 3, pp 26-40. Saudi Aircon 2007. 2007. Riyadh Exhibitions. Retrieved May 9, 2007 from http://www.recexpo.com/recweb/show_overview.asp?id=79 â€Å"US Market for Air Conditioning.† Worldwide Market Intelligence. Retrieved May 9, 2007 from www.bsria.co.uk/documents/pdf/misc/17200 leaflet.pdf Ward, Susan. â€Å"How to Find and Master a Niche Market.† 2007. Retrieved May 9, 2007 from http://marketing.about.com/od/careersinmarketing/l/aa060303a.htm â€Å"Wind of change in air-conditioning market.† 2006. China Economic Net. Retrieved May 9, 2007 from http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/english/doc/2005-04/27/content_437865.htm